实验环境:

第一步提高下载和数据库连接速度：

评估你自己的镜像源下载速度：

[mrrobot@mrrobot-pc ~]$ sudo pacman-mirrors --fasttrack 5 && sudo pacman -Syyu

.: INFO Writing mirror list

China : https://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/manjaro/stable

Japan : http://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/Linux/manjaro/stable

United_States : https://mirror.clarkson.edu/manjaro/stable

Germany : https://mirror.philpot.de/manjaro/stable

Spain : http://ftp.caliu.cat/manjaro/stable

.: INFO Mirror list generated and saved to: /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

第二部开始同步数据库下

执行更新命令：

sudo pacman -Syyu

或者也可以这样做（可以省去第一步）：

pacman-optimize && sync

第三步同步更新：

pacman -Sy

或者是强制更新，这在你改变完一系列依赖后特别有用：

pacman -Syy

第三步开始更新系统：

pacman -Su #不建议使用这会导致局部更新

pacman -Syu #建议这样做，因为这样会先同步数据再更新

懒癌发作：：：：：：：

Update & ignore a package It should not be necessary to use exclusion of packages. Such an exclusion might be the cause of the infamous partial updates.

The following changes take place in pacman's configuration file: /etc/pacman.conf

IgnorePkg=package_name

Update & ignore a package group

IgnoreGroup=package_group

Examples:

IgnoreGroup=gnome

IgnoreGroup=kde

Installing Packages

Install a package

pacman -Syu package_name

If for example you are using the testing repo, & you have that repo listed below your other repos in /etc/pacman.conf which should mean that an older package will take priority over the younger one in the testing repo, you should use pacman like this:

pacman -Syu testing/package_name

Install packages as a group

pacman -Syu gnome

pacman -Syu kde

Download a package without installation

pacman -Sw package_name

Install a downloaded or a local package

pacman -U /package_path/package_name.pkg.tar.xz

You can also use the URL:

pacman -U http://www.examplepackage/repo/examplepkg.tar.xz

Reinstall all packages

pacman -Syu $(pacman -Qqen)

To search which packages has been installed in a group

pacman -Sg gnome

pacman -Sg kde

Get a full package list with versions. This will create a file called pacman.laptop in your home folder.

pacman -Q > ~/pacman.laptop

Removing Packages

Remove a package

pacman -R package_name

Remove a package with dependencies that are not being used by other packages

pacman -Rs package_name

Remove a package with all dependencies. Attention: The -c flag can remove needed dependencies, too. Only for advanced users.

pacman -Rsc package_name

Remove a package and its configuration files too:

pacman -Rn package_name

Forcefully remove a dependency without removing any other package. Attention: Only for advanced users.

pacman -Rdd package_name

Cleaning Packages

See Maintaining /var/cache/pacman/pkg for System Safety for an in depth view on this topic.

Cleaning the cache

Leaves packages in your cache only for those packages which are currently installed on your system. Attention: This eliminates the possibility to Using Downgrade.

pacman -Sc

Clean cache completely and remove all packages. Attention: This eliminates the possibility to Using Downgrade.

pacman -Scc

A safer way to remove old package cache files is to remove all packages except for the latest three package versions:

paccache -rvk3

Cleaning orphan packages from the system. Also read Orphan Package Removal for further information.

pacman -Rsn $(pacman -Qdtq)

If you get this error, don't worry: it means you don't have orphaned packages to remove!

error: no targets specified (use -h for help)

Searching for Packages

Provides a description of searched for package & associated packages

pacman -Ss package_name

Provides a description of previously installed package

pacman -Qs package_name

Provides detailed summary of a package

pacman -Si package_name

Modified summary:

pacman -Qi package_name

with 'ii' you can see the backup files and the date that the package has been changed.

pacman -Qii package_name

Get a list of installed packages

pacman -Q

Find out which package owns a file

pacman -Qo /file_path

List all orphan packages with no dependencies

pacman -Qdt

List all installed packages from the AUR

pacman -Qem

View package dependencies. Use one of the following commands:

pactree package_name

pactree -c package_name

pactree -s -c package_name

AUR (Arch User Repository)

Following is info on three popular options for using the AUR, for a detailed list of their commands please look at their man pages:

Yaourt

Yaourt comes pre-installed with Manjaro so you normally won't have to install it. If you have removed it, this is how you install it again:

pacman -Syu base-devel yaourt

To use Yaourt to upgrade both official repos & AUR (only if new PKGBUILD files are available) use the following command:

yaourt -Syua

To use Yaourt to download and rebuild the latest AUR packages from their source (regardless of PKGBUILD files):

yaourt -Syua --devel

You can use all Pacman commands mentioned on this Wiki page with Yaourt, too. One command is different:

Removing orphaned packages is easier and more intuitive with Yaourt:

yaourt -Qdt

Packer

Uses some of the same commands as pacman but differs in that it checks both the official repos & AUR.

yaourt -S packer

Having installed 'packer' then you can run:

packer -S package_name

This will upgrade from both official repos & AUR:

packer -Syu